江西省南昌市已婚育龄妇女人工流产情况的抽样调查

Sampling survey on artificial abortion status of married women of child-bearing age in Nanchang,Jiangxi Province

目的:了解江西省南昌市已婚育龄妇女人工流产人数率及其人群分布情况。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取南昌市2县(进贤县、安义县)2区(青山湖区、西湖区)5468例已婚育龄妇女,对其2004年7～12月的社会人口学特征、婚姻、生育状况进行问卷调查。结果:随着年龄的增加,人工流产的人数率亦增加(P<0.001);初孕年龄在20～24岁和25～29岁年龄段的人工流产人数率较高(P<0.001);结婚年数在10～14年和15～19年的人工流产人数率较高(P<0.001);随着妊娠次数的增加,人工流产的人数率亦增加(P<0.001);教师和专业技术人员的人工流产人数率较高(P<0.001);文化程度越高,人工流产人数率越高(P<0.001);居住城镇的人工流产人数率明显高于乡村(P<0.001);有避孕的人工流产人数率明显高于无避孕的(P<0.001)。在各年龄段,随着人工流产次数的增加,人工流产的人数和人次率均逐渐减少,人工流产1次的人次率在30～34岁和35～39岁年龄段较高(P<0.001)。两分类Logistic回归分析显示,结婚年数、专业技术人员和教师是人工流产的危险性因素,行政干部有人工流产的危险趋势;文化程度越低、初孕年龄越大、家庭人年均收入越低,以及居住农村,则人工流产率越低。结论:晚育可以减少人工流产的发生;预防人工流产发生的重点人群为初孕年龄在20～29岁年龄段和居住城镇的育龄妇女,以及专业技术人员、教师和行政干部等较高学历者。避免婚后第二次及以上妊娠是预防人工流产的重要举措。

Objective： To understand the amount of artificial abortion and population distribution status of married women of child - bearing age in Nanchang. Methods ： 5 468 married women of child - bearing age were selected by stratified random sampling from 2 counties and 2 districts of Nanchang, and the information including their social situation, marriage and reproductive state were collected by a questionnaire from July to December, 2004. Results： The rate of artificial abortion increased with age （P 〈 O. 001 ） ; the women of first pregnancy during 20 -24 and 25 -29 years had higher rate of artificial abortion （P 〈 0. 001 ） ; the women married for 10 - 14 and 15 - 19 years had higher rate of artificial abortion （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; the rate of artificial abortion increased with pregnant times （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; female teachers and specialized and technieal personnels had higher rate of artifieial abortion （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; the women with high education level had higher rate of artificial abortion （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; the rate of artificial abortion of urban women was higher than that of rural women （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; the rate of artificial abortion of contraceptive women was higher than that of non- contraceptive women （P 〈0. 001 ） . Among all the age groups, the rate and person - time rate of artificial abortion decreased with the times of artificial abortion, for the women undergoing artificial abortion once, the women aged 30- 34 and 35- 39 years old had higher person - time rate of artifieial abortion （ P 〈 0. 001 ） . Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors of artificial abortion included married years, teachers, specialized and technical personnels; the women with low education level, elder first pregnant age, low family income and living in country had low rate of artificial abortion. Conclusion ： Late childbirth may reduce the incidence of artificial abortion ; the focal population of artificial abortion are the women of first pregnancy during 20 - 29 years, urban women, teachers and specialized and technical personnels ; the important method is avoiding the second pregnancy and above in married women.