基于ArcGIS的坡面复杂度因子提取与分析——以黄土高原为例

Slope surface complexity factor extract and analysis based on ArcGIS

通过黄土高原坡面复杂度因子提取与分析,得到其地貌分区图,为黄土高原的土地利用与评价、地质地貌研究提供参考和借鉴。采用黄土高原地区90 m分辨率的SRTM Elevation Data的DEM数据,利用ArcGIS软件提取了坡面复杂度因子,包括地形起伏度、地表切割深度、地表粗糙度和高程变异系数,并对这些因子进行逐个分析。在此基础上得到黄土高原的地貌分区图。研究表明,黄土高原地区总的地势是西北高、东南低,区内宏观地貌类型复杂多样,山区、丘陵区、高原区占2/3以上;东南部是黄土丘陵沟壑区和黄土高原沟壑区,西北部为风沙、干旱草原和高地草原区,中部三大高原地表破碎、沟壑纵横,北部银川平原、河套平原和南部渭河平原地形相对平缓。

To obtains the loess plateau＇s geomorphology district map. This article uses Loess Highlands area 90 m resolution SRTM Elevation Data the DEM data, and extracts this area＇s slope surface complexity factor by ArcGIS software. The factors include Relief Amplitude, the Earth＇s Surface Incision, Roughness and Variance Coefficient in Elevation. The article analysis these factors one by one. Obtains the loess plateau＇s geomorphology district map. The study indicates that loess plateau area＇s total terrain is northwest thigh, southeast low. This area macroscopic geomorphology type is complex and diverse, and the mountainous area, rolling country, the plateau area occupy above 2/3. Southeast area mainly is the loess knoll gully area and the loess plateau gully area. Northeast part mainly is the sand, the arid prairie and the high ground prairie area. The middle three big plateaus are the typical loess geomorphologic characterization. This area＇s surface was broken, gully vertically and horizontally. North the Yin Chuan plain, the He Tao plain and south the Wei He plain＇s terrain is relatively flat.