成败操纵对轻度抑郁者自尊影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on Self-Esteem of Depressed People in Manipulation of Success and Failure

通过大规模测试筛选出轻度抑郁者和非抑郁者,以自编智力测验为工具操纵不同的反馈情境,采用2(轻度抑郁,非抑郁)×3(无反馈,正反馈,负反馈)的两因素混合实验设计进行实验,对被试的外显自尊及内隐自尊分别进行了测量,结果发现:1)抑郁者的外显自尊显著低于非抑郁者,而内隐自尊不存在显著性差异。2)成败操纵后个体的外显自尊与内隐自尊并无显著变化,即外显自尊和内隐自尊均具有一定的稳定性。3)无反馈、正反馈情况下抑郁者和非抑郁者的内隐自尊和外显自尊的分离状况显著不同,而在负反馈情况下,抑郁者与非抑郁者的自尊分离状况不存在显著性差异。

In the study, depressive subjects and non- depressive subjects were sampled from 800 students according to the results of SDS and BDI.Then they are divided into three groups to receive no feedback,success feedback and failure feedback. Subsequently,all the subjects accepted SES and IAT test. The conclusions were： 1 ） the depressive subjects have the same imphcit self- esteem as the none- depressive subjects, but their explicit self- esteem is significant lower than the latter; （2） the success or failure manipulation has little influence on the implicit and the explicit self- esteem of subjects;3） the discrepancy between implicit and explicit self- esteem was different between depressive subjects and non-depressive subjects in the case of no and success feedback,but it was no difference in the case of failure feedback.