有岛武郎《宣言》中的书信体构造

The Epistolary Structure in Arishima's Manifesto

我们能够从书信的文字交流中,在一定程度上捕捉到一些与写信人和看信人有关的客观事实。这是因为书信的文字语言中包含着发话人与受话人的各种信息。在一部小说中,这些信息是如何发挥它的作用的?或者说,小说如何利用书信这种语言交流形式来达到叙述目的?本文就这个问题,通过分析日本作家有岛武郎的《宣言》这部典型的书信体小说,来揭示书信体小说的构造及特征,并通过解析小说中书信与小说内容之间的相互作用,来分析《宣言》这部小说的表层内容与深层内容之间的差异。

We can obtain some objective facts about the sender and receiver from their communi- cation by letters, which contain various information about the sender and receiver. How can this kind of information be conveyed in a novel; in other words, how can a novel reach its basic goal--to tell a story--through letters？ This is the key point of this article. The author has tried to discover the structure and character of epistolary novels, by taking the example of Manifesto, a fa- mous work by Takeo Arishima. The differences between the surface and more involved thoughts are also discussed by analyzing the mutual effects of letter and novel.