从自我观看现代性道德困境及其解决路径——以麦金太尔道德哲学思想为学术资源的研究

Ethical dilemmas of modernity and its resolution——from the viewpoint of self-conception

现代性道德困境集中表现为个体自我的祛伦理性和社会组织的祛道德性,其根源在于现代性自我观。现代性自我观的核心特征之一则是祛目的论,试图把道德从外在的训诫变为自我的内在要求,以使自我在道德上获得最大的自由。但是,现代性自我的祛目的论方法必然会失败,并导致现代性道德困境。以麦金太尔道德哲学思想为学术资源的研究表明,我们必须改变关于道德的研究路径,回归目的论道德探究方式和德性道德传统,主张叙事性自我观。

Ethical dilemmas of modernity appears in the form of the individual self drawing ethical attribute and the social organization drawing ethical attribute,which roots in self-concept of modernity.One of the core characteristics of this concept is teleological dispelling which tries to turn ethic from the external admonition to the inherent requirement of the self so that the self obtains the greatest ethical freedom.However,the approach of teleological dispelling is bound to fail and leads to ethical dilemmas of modernity.Based on MacIntyre's ethical philosophy,this paper points out that we must change the research method of ethic,return to teleological virtue research and ethical traditions,and insist on narrative self-concept.