微型航天器与空间非合作目标交会制导方法

Guidance of Micro-spacecraft for Rendezvous with Noncooperative Target

星载设备能力有限的微型航天器在与空间非合作目标交会任务开始前,存放在空间轨道平台内,为了使其完成此项任务,需要设计制导方法。本文首先根据希尔(C-W)方程,设计了初制导律,然后在视线坐标系内建立了微型航天器与非合作目标间的相对运动方程,并设计了空间交会自寻的末制导律。交会任务开始时,为节省微型航天器的燃料,轨道平台根据初制导律以一定速度及释放角度释放微型航天器,微型航天器进入交会轨道,在初制导的作用下,经过若干个过渡轨道周期后接近空间非合作目标,并为末制导提供良好的交班条件,当末制导导引设备捕获并跟踪目标后可通过自寻的末制导最终完成与空间非合作目标交会任务。

The capacity-constrained micro-spacecraft are carried by the space orbit platform before the rendezvous with a noncooperative target. In this article, an initial guidance law based on C-W equations and an end guidance law derived from the relative motion equation between the micro-spacecraft and the noncooperative target in line of the sight frame are designed. At the beginning of the rendezvous mission, the micro spacecraft is released by the space orbit platform with certain velocity and release angle based on the initial guidance law to save fuel. Affected by the initial guidance, and after certain orbit periods, the sensor of micro-spacecraft captures the target, which provides some rendezvous conditions for the end guidance. The micro-spacecraft finally approaches the target by the end guidance law and fulfills the rendezvous mission.