甘肃兴隆山自然保护区森林演替对土壤肥力影响的评价

Assessment on Effects of Forest Succession on Soil Fertility in Xinglongshan Mountain National Nature Reserve,Gansu Province

以黄土高原半干旱区森林群落为研究对象,从土壤物理、化学和生物化学因子出发,利用模糊数学和因子分析方法对甘肃兴隆山植物群落演替过程土壤肥力的变化特征进行了综合评价。结果表明:4类林分土壤综合质量由高到低依次是落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林、灌木林、针叶林。证明随着森林群落演替进展,土壤肥力呈降低趋势。解决当前该区针叶林土壤退化的主要措施是利用人为干扰来控制生态演替,以维持地力平衡和提高林地生产力。

The study was conducted under succession forest communities in semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau, Gansu province. Based on the analyses of soil physical, chemical and biological properties, this study assessed comprehensively the variation characteristics of soil fertility at the secondary succession stage of plant communities in Xinglong Mountain by using fuzzy mathematics and factor analysis. The results showed that values of integrated soil fertility index in four types of forest increased in the order of broad-leaved forests〉coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests〉shrub vegetation〉coniferous forests, suggesting that soil fertility decreased with successive development. The main measure to prevent soil degradation in coniferous forests in this area is to dominate the ecological succession by anthropocentric disturbance practice in order to maintain the soil fertility balance and enhance forest productivity.