幼儿依恋行为分类卡片在孤独症儿童中的初步试用

The initial probation of attachment Q sort in autism children

目的利用幼儿依恋行为分类卡片（attachment Q Sort，AQS）测试孤独症儿童的依恋性质，以了解其与正常儿童的差异。方法利用AQS对167名正常儿童和55名孤独症儿童的亲子依恋类型进行评定。结果1．正常儿童中安全依恋者占68．3％，不安全依恋者占31．7％；孤独症儿童中安全依恋者占29．1％，不安全依恋者占70．9％；正常儿童与孤独症儿童依恋分布比例的差异有显著性（X^2=26．16，P〈0．01）。2．正常幼儿和孤独症儿童依恋性质的分布都与性别无关（X^2=2．01，P〉0．05，X^2=0．06，P〉0．05），2组幼儿在不同年龄段的依恋类型比例均差异无显著性（X^2=2．18，P〉0．05．X^2=3．44，P〉0．05）。结论1．孤独症儿童的依恋类型则以不安全依恋为主，正常儿童的依恋类型以安全依恋型为主；2．正常儿童与孤独症儿童的亲子依恋件质与年龄、件别都无昂菩相关，

Objective To test the attachment quality of autism children between 2 - 6 years with attachment Q-Sort,and to understand the difference from normal children. Methods Use the AQS to test the parents of 167 normal children and 55 autism children, which can evaluate the children＇ attachment types. Results The rate of security attachment in normal children was 68.3% ,and the rate of unsure attachment was 31.7%. The rate of security attachment in autism children was 29.1% ,and the rate of unsure attachment was 70.9% ;and the rates of security attachment in normal and autism children were different significantly（X^2 = 26.16, P〈 0.01 ）. Attachment quality was not associated with sex both in normal and autism children and neither age was. Conclusions Most of the normal children have the security attachment, and the autism children have the unsure attachment. Neither age nor sex is associated with attachment quality both normal children and autism children.