我国药品价格政策分析和改革思路探讨

The analysis of China's drug pricing policy and possible reform options

我国政府一直通过不同措施控制药品价格。目前政府对药品实行按社会平均成本,直接制定每一种药品的价格。这种定价机制的困难在于如何获得真实的企业生产成本信息。单纯通过降低药品价格控制药品费用增长,其作用是非常有限的。药品价格改革必须与医院补偿机制改革、社会医疗保险制度改革相协调。在改革药品定价机制时,可以考虑使用参考定价的方法,引入药物经济学的评价;加强对药品价格改革的研究和监督,评价药品价格改革对基本药物可及性的影响。

Pharmaceutical prices have been regulated in China in a long time. Now the drugs are priced based on the social average production cost. The most difficulty of this pricing mechanism is how to get the real production cost of each pharmaceutical company. Regulated price decreases appear to have had limited effect in controlling health spending growth. The drug pricing reform should be coordinated with the hospital financing reform and social health insurance reform. Drug pricing reform could use the reference pricing and economic evaluation of drugs. Final- ly, the government should strengthen capacity for research and monitoring of drug policy reforms to evaluate their im- pact on access to essential medicines.