鱼类“钻石”状群游流动干扰及其减阻机理的数值研究

Numerical simulations for four fish schooling in diamond array

观察研究发现,在鱼类的群游中,鱼体可以有效利用相互之间有益的干扰,减少游动阻力,增强自己的推力和游动效率。本文基于作者以往建立的动态混合网格生成方法以及不可压缩流非定常计算方法,对四鱼呈"钻石"阵型排列的群游进行了数值模拟,通过不同横向间距、不同流向间距、不同相位差等游动状态下流场结构、力学特性的比较,分析了鱼体之间的横向干扰和流向干扰,对其降低阻力、减少功耗的流动机理进行了探讨。

While observing and researching on fish schooling, scientists find out that fishes can get benefits from the interactive swimming to enhance their swimming ability. When fish schooling, their swimming drag will be cut down, the thrust will be enhanced and the swimming efficiency will be improved as well. Based on the dynamic hybrid grid generator and the implicit unsteady incompressible flow solver developed by the authors in previous work, the schooling of four fishes in a ＇Diamond＇ array is studied in this paper. The influences of the transverse and fore-and-aft distance between the fishes and of the undulation phase difference are analyzed.