豚鼠胸壁照射加组织等效膜对皮肤和肺生物效应的影响

Effect of chest wall radiotherapy in different manners using tissue equivalent bolus on skin and lung of cavia cobayas

目的探讨不同方式照射豚鼠时加组织等效膜对豚鼠胸壁皮肤和肺生物效应的影响，评价组织等效膜在提高皮肤剂量的同时对肺的保护作用。方法将成年雌性豚鼠随机分为健康对照组、全程加组织等效膜组、半程连续加组织等效膜组和不加组织等效膜组，以不同方式加0．5cm厚组织等效膜（材料为聚苯乙烯）照射，制造急性辐射损伤的动物模型。照射后40d取皮肤和肺组织，观察肺部病理改变、皮肤的毛囊计数和成纤维细胞计数。结果加组织等效膜组皮肤放射损伤重，但肺的放射损伤轻。皮肤放射损伤程度是半程加组织等效膜组轻于全程加组织等效膜组。半程加等效膜组的损伤修复较全程加等效膜组的损伤修复更为活跃。结论采用半程加组织等效膜的胸壁照射方式既可保护肺，又不至于造成较严重的皮肤反应。

Objective To probe the influence of electron beam radiotherapy in different manners using different tissue equivalent boluses on skin and lung. Methods Adult female carla cobayas were randomly divided into four groups as control group, full-time with bolus group, half-time with bolus group and without bolus group. Acute-irradiation animal models were established using electron beam in different manners with or without 0.5 cm tissue equivalent bolus. Pathological changes in lung, hair vesicle and fibroblast cell count were analyzed 40 days after irradiation. Results The radiation dermatitis in the group with bolus was slighter than that of the group without bolus, but the radiation pneumonia was reverse. With bolus, the radiation dermatitis of haft-time group was slighter than that of full-time group. The injury repair of half-time group was more active than full-time group. Conclusions The treatment of half-time bolus could protect lung without serious skin complications.