硅藻土基多孔陶瓷的制备及研究

Preparation and Research of Porous Ceramics from Diatomite

以硅藻土为主要原料制备高气孔率的多孔陶瓷基体,探讨不同造孔剂添加量及不同烧结温度对多孔陶瓷气孔率、吸水率、体积密度和抗折强度的影响,对比手工可塑成型与模具压制成型得到制品的微观结构和性能。用XRD、SEM测试分析手段表征不同条件下硅藻土多孔陶瓷的结构及性能变化。结果确定最佳配方为:生硅藻土50%,煅烧硅藻土45%,粘土5%;外加5%木屑(造孔剂),在1000℃煅烧温度下,可以得到气孔率为54.00%,体积密度为1.05g/cm3,吸水率为51.38%,抗折强度为11.29MPa的多孔陶瓷,比表面积达到11.65m2/g,孔容0.288m3/g,孔径为6.26nm。

High porosity ceramic materials was made from diatomite. The influence of different amount of pore agent and different sintering temperatures on the porosity, water absorption and bulk density and bending strength were discussed. Two shaping method was compared on the base of microstructure and properties. XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the microstructures and performance at different conditions. The results show that the best prescription contains 50% of raw diatomite, 45% of precalcined diatomite, 5 % of clay, and 5% of additional wood powder （ pore agent）. When sintered at 1000 ℃, the performance index of porous ceramics are ： porosity 54.00% , bulk density 1.05 g/cm^3, water absorption 51.38% and bending strength 11.29 MPa. The specific surface area can reach 11.65 m^2/g, pore volume 0. 288 m^3/g and pore diameter is 6.26 nm.