载货汽车运行燃料消耗量计算方法研究

Study on Calculation Method for Fuel Consumption of Trucks in Operation

在分析计算汽车运行燃料消耗主要影响因素的基础上,建立了通用的载货汽车运行燃料消耗量计算方法,将实际测试的空载(整备质量)和满载(最大总质量)等速燃料消耗量确定为计算汽车在运行时燃料消耗量的基本数值。在该计算方法中引入运行模式和车速加权系数,以综合反映运行条件的变化对汽车燃料消耗量的影响,并采用发动机台架试验模拟汽车的道路行驶状况,对不同的汽车总质量和车速下运行燃料消耗量的变化规律进行验证。通过该方法可以计算各种型号的载货汽车在不同整备质量、载质量和行驶速度等运行条件下的燃料消耗量。

Based on the computation and analysis of main influence factors of fuel consumption, a general calculation method for fuel consumption of trucks in operation was established, in which the constant speed fuel consumption obtained in road test under no-load （kerb mass） and full-load conditions （maximum total mass） are considered as the basic data for the fuel consumption calculation of trucks in operation. The operation mode and the weighted coefficient of velocity were introduced into the calculation method to comprehensively express the effect of the different operation conditions on fuel consumption. As well, the engine bench test was carried out to simulate the real road operation, and the changing laws of fuel consumption under the conditions of different velocities and total vehicle masses were verified. With this method, the fuel consumption of all types of trucks under the operation conditions of different kerb masses, laden masses and velocities can be calculated.