雅砻江上游景观生态系统类型及特点

Landscape Types and Characteristics of the in the Upper Reaches of the Yalong River

利用2002年ETM+卫星遥感图片解译结果并结合实地调查,对雅砻江上游地区的景观生态系统类型及特点进行了研究。结果表明:结果表明:(1)本区的景观类型主要由自然景观和人工景观两大系统构成。前者稳定性较差而后者稳定性较好,处于相对稳定的状态。(2)该区景观生态系统多样性为:森林群落乔木层树种比较单一;灌丛群落类型多样,多样性较高;草甸分布范围广,种类繁多,具有很高的多样性。(3)该区的景观斑块数量特征为:林地、草地、耕地、水域、城乡、村落用地、未利用地分别占总面积的19.89%、66.50%、0.82%、0.37%、0.03%和12.40%。草地是该区整体景观的基质,对景观的影响最大,林地类型在整个景观中零散、破碎。(4)该区景观类型面积多样性指数为0.9137,类型周长多样性指数为1.0224,类型斑块数多样性指数为1.2556。表明流域景观类型面积分布最不均匀,相反,景观类型斑块数分布相对较均匀。

In this paper,based on the translated data from remote sensing images（ ETM ＋ ） in 2002 and the field survey, researches were conducted on the landscape types and characteristics of the upper reaches of the Yalong River. The results have shown that （ 1 ） The landscape type in this area was mainly made up of artificial and natural landscape ecological systems, the former had a better stability than the latter. （2）Its landscape ecological system diversity displayed that arbor species in forest communities were single, hut the species of shrub and grass were abundant. （3）The Characteristics of quantative attribute of patches were as follows： the rate of woodland, grassland, cultivated field, streams, constructionland , unutilized land was 19. 89% ,66. 50% ,0. 82%-0. 37% -0. 03% and 12.40%, respectively. Grassland was the stroma,whose influence on the whole landscape was the most, while woodland seemed to be scattered and fragmentized. （4） The diversity indices of landscape type area, perimeter and pathches were respecitively 0. 9137,1. 0224 and 1. 2556 ,which showed that the distribution of landscape type area was the most uneven, and on the contrary, the distribution of the patches was the most well-proportioned among them.