网球鞋与马拉松鞋鞋底摩擦力的实验研究

Experimental Study on Friction of Different Soles Patterns of Tennis Shoes and Marathon Shoes

模拟人体运动时的动作(变速度模拟),通过对网球鞋与马拉松鞋进行变载荷模拟实验,为运动训练中对运动鞋的选择,防止关节、肌腱、韧带损伤提供理论帮助。实验表明,模拟塑胶地面上的摩擦力明显比模拟木板地面上的摩擦力要大,在木地板上,折线的花纹摩擦力较大,而交叉的花纹摩擦力较小;在塑胶地面上,线条的花纹摩擦力较大,而点状的花纹摩擦力较小。前脚掌厚度与木板地面的最大静摩擦力、动摩擦力呈负相关,而后鞋掌厚度与塑胶地面的最大静摩擦力、动摩擦力、变速即刻摩擦力、变速后动摩擦力也呈负相关。网球鞋与马拉松鞋在各种地面上运动摩擦力的差别不大,网球鞋在塑胶地面上的变速即刻摩擦力与变速后动摩擦力均大于马拉松鞋。鞋底摩擦力大,可避免滑倒,并能有效的制动和起跳,但摩擦力太大,又会影响脚的灵活性,产生疲劳造成下肢运动伤害,因此鞋底的摩擦力应控制在一个适宜的范围内。

In order to simulate the human body motion at the exercise time （simulating variable speed）, the simulated exercise was done with the variable load between the marathon shoes and tennis shoes for the selection of sport shoes in the training to prevent the joints, tendon, ligament from being damaged and to provide a theoretical support. The friction on the analog plastic ground is much bigger than that on the analog wood ground. And on the wooden floor, the friction of line patterns is bigger while the friction of crossed patterns is smaller; on the plastic ground, the friction of line patterns is bigger while the friction of point patterns is smaller. The largest ground-based static friction and dynamic friction on the wooden planks with the thickness of fore soles have a negative correlation, while the largest ground-based static friction and the dynamic friction, the friction with the changing speed instantly, and the friction after changing speed with the thickness of the aft soles on the plastic planks, have negative correlation as well. The friction at the different surface between marathon shoes and tennis shoes has little difference, while both the friction with the changing speed instantly and the friction after changing speed of the tennis shoes on the plastic ground are bigger than that of the marathon shoes. Because of the big friction of the soles, we slipping can be avoid, take-off and brake effectively, while if there is too much friction, the flexibility of the foot will be affected, resulting in fatigue and sports injuries, thus the friction should be controlled a suitable range.