对抗性项目运动员注意瞬脱行为表现特征的研究

Behavior Characteristics of Attentional Blink of Confrontational Sports Athletes

以对抗性项目运动员参加竞技比赛过程中出现注意瞬脱现象为切入点,以注意相关理论模型为依据,分析与探讨对抗性项目运动员参加竞技比赛过程中注意瞬脱现象的行为特征,为教练员提高指导绩效提供帮助和支持。结果表明,对抗性项目运动员参加竞技比赛时出现注意瞬脱时间点晚,持续时间短;对抗性项目运动员对注意瞬脱的认知加工具有"节省化"的特点;对抗性项目运动员对刺激注意的延长时间所用的心理资源占用量相对较低。这些特征提示,根据不同的运动项目,改变注意瞬脱出现的时间点,减少注意瞬脱持续的时间,减轻注意瞬脱的程度,从而提高运动员的注意转换能力,促进运动员所掌握技术、战术的稳定发挥是十分必要的。

This article, from the Attentional Blink phenomenon of the confrontational sport athletes who participate in competitive games as an entry point, based on the relevant theoretical models of attention, analyzes and discusses the behavioral characteristics of Attention Blink about the confrontational sport athletes, in order to provide help and support for coaches. The results show that the confrontational sport athletes in the competitive games presented lower point occurence and shorter duration on Attention Blink; Attentional Blink of cognitive processing has the characteristics of ＂savings＂, and uses a relatively lower psychological resources. These features suggest that it is essential to change the Attentional Blink point occurence, to reduce the Attentional Blink duration and reduce the degree of attention blink on the basis of different sports, thereby enhancing the capabilities to switch the attention of athletes, and promoting the stability of athletes＇ skills and tactics.