高水平竞走运动训练理念的再思考

Re-thought About Training Principle of High-Level Race Walking

结合部分传统运动训练理论,通过实地信息采集与实证分析方法,整理分析国家竞走集训队备战2008年奥运会的训练实际及国内外有关竞走运动的研究资料,提出了现代高水平竞走运动训练的理念:第一,遵循人体运动的生物适应性结构演化规律,把握运动员在目标系统导向下对训练负荷连续自组织的过程;第二,辩证把握竞走运动的本质要求,贯彻体能训练技术化的指导思想;第三,构建运动员个性化小周期训练负荷结构,贯彻"赛练结合、以赛促训"训练观;第四,高水平竞走运动员的训练手段应按"实战强度"要求设计,构建"高强度目标训练"模型,突出"实战需要"训练原则。

Combining the parts of tradition training theories, using the on-the-spot information collecting and evidence analytical method, tiding up and analysing data of the national race walking brigade during preparing 2008 the Olympic game, as well as domestic and international research, modern training principle was put forward：First, follow human body sport evolve-regulation and hold athlete self- organized process under the system target and continuous stimulus;Second, Dialectical grasp essence request,carry through the instruction thought that the physical training turn into technical training;Third, set up the athlete characteristic small period to train burden structure, carry through training view that＂ combining with match and practice, promoting train by game ＂ ; Fourth, As much as possible design the means by ＂actual request strength＂, set up ＂high strength target train＂ model, give prominence to train principle of ＂actual competition requirement＂.