泰国阿卡人传统知识保护初探

A Primary Probing into the Protection of Akha's Traditional Knowledge in Thailand

一、研究背景综述 “传统知识”（Traditional Knowledge）这一术语最初是世界知识产权组织为开展知识产权保护选用的工作用语。1998～1999年世界知识产权组织关于知识产权和传统知识的实况调查团为了工作的便利，给出了一个列举性定义，认为传统知识是指基于传统产生的文学、艺术或科学作品、表演、发明、科学发现、外观设计、标志、名称及符号、未披露性信息、以及一切其他工业、科学、文学或艺术领域内的智力活动所产生的基于传统的创新与创造。近年来，传统知识的保护已经成为全球共同关注的话题。

Traditional knowledge is the precious resource and social wealth of the ethnic minorities. Protecting the traditional knowledge will not only save the ethnic cultural resources and social wealth, but also safeguard the long-term interest of all humanity. The ethnic Hani-Akha people living in Southeast Asian countries and Yunnan have preserved their unique and valuable traditional knowledge although due to historical and geographical reasons, some differences have emerged among their cross-border brethrens. This article intends to further promote the understanding of the traditional knowledge of the Akha people in Thailand, in the purpose of strengthening exchange and research on ethnic traditional knowledge among cross-border ethnic minorities and promoting the protection as well as development of traditional knowledge in the world.