汶川地震外迁学生的PTSD状况及其与社会支持的关系

PTSD Status of the Relocating Students and its Relationship with Social Support after Wenchuan Earthquake

地震后13个月,外迁学生的PTSD发生率为14.79%,男女生之间PTSD的发生率差异显著,女生的发生率高于男生;不同年级的学生之间PTSD的发生率差异显著,按发生率从高到低的年级排序是高二、初二、高一和初一(分别为24.36%、18.48%、12.36%、3.80%);总社会支持得分和PTSD症状得分呈显著负相关;社会支持与回避症状、警觉性增高症状和闯入性症状之间的关系程度依次降低;社会支持的不同维度和PTSD间的关系差别不大;社会支持负向预测PTSD症状;社会支持不能在PTSD症状和PTSD影响之间的关系中起调节作用。

This study aims to examine the PTSD status quo of the relocating students and its relationship with social support in order to provide some ideas for the improvement of mental health of the primary and secondary students. We used ‘the scale of the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress of children’ as well as ‘questionnaire of subjective perception of social support’. The results showed that 13 months after the earthquake,PTSD rate of the relocating students was 14.79%,that there is significant difference of the incidence of PTSD rate between boys and girls,and girls have higher rate than boys;that there is significant difference of the incidence of PTSD rate between students of different grades and from high rate to low,the ranking is grade 2 students in high school,grade 2 students in middle school,grade 1 students in high school and grade 1 students in middle school,whose incidence rate are 24.36%,18.48%,12.36%,3.8% respectively. The total score of social support and PTSD symptom scores are significantly negatively related;the relation between social support with the symptom of avoidance,increased awareness and intrusiveness are declined in sequences;the relation between different dimensions of social support with PTSD has no significant difference;social support negatively predict PTSD symptoms;social support cannot moderate PTSD symptoms and PTSD effect.