辽宁省部分农村地区农民大棚肺流行病学调查分析

Epidemiologic analysis of greenhouse farmer's lung in part of rural areas of Liaoning province

目的了解我国辽宁省部分农村地区农民"大棚肺"的患病情况及其相关危险因素。方法采用统一调查方案、步骤和问卷,收集2006年8月至2009年6月沈阳市、新民市、朝阳市及锦州市4个地区郊区从事塑料大棚的资料完整的5420名(男2660名,女2760名)农民进行筛检及肺功能检测。结果"大棚肺"患者308例,患病率约5.7%(308/5420),其中男性占66.55%(205/308),女性占33.44%(103/308),男性较女性患病率高(χ2=39.93,P<0.005)。不吸烟人群中"大棚肺"患病率[6.08%(214/3518)]较吸烟人群[4.94%(94/1902)]有增高趋势,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。308例"大棚肺"患者中,180例(58.44%)出现发热寒战,192例(62.34%)出现咳嗽咳痰,160例(51.95%)出现胸闷气急,164例(53.25%)两下肺可闻及捻发音,153例(49.68%)肺部有影像学改变,147(47.73%)例出现肺功能异常,136(44.16%)例血清IgE抗体阳性,轻度"大棚肺"患者为62.34%(192/308),重度"大棚肺"患者为38.66%(116/308)。结论辽宁省部分农村地区农民"大棚肺"患病率为5.7%,其发病可能与多种因素有关。

Objective To survey the prevalence of greenhouse farmer＇s lung and related risk factors in part of rural areas of Liaoning Province. Methods Using uniform scheme, procedures and questionnaire, a survey for 5420 farmers （2660 men and 2760 women）with complete data who work inside greenhouses was performed in Shenyang, Xinmin, Chaoyang, and Jinzhou between August 2006 and June 2009. Pulmonary function tests was performed for every active farmer. Results Greenhouse farmer＇s lung was diagnosed in 308 cases, 205 men （66.55%, 205/308 ） and 103 women （33.44%, 103/308 ） , a prevalence of 5. 7% （ 308/5420 ）. The prevalence rate of greenhouse farmer＇s lung in males was significantly higher than that in females （ X^2 = 39. 93, P 〈 0. 005 ）. The prevalence rate of greenhouse farmer＇s lung in non-smokers [ 6. 08% （214/3518）] was higher than that in smokers [4.94% （94/1902） ], but there is no statistical significance （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. In the 308 cases, the number of patiernts presented with fever chill, cough/sputum, chest tightness/shortness of breath were 180 （ 58.44% ） , 192 （ 62. 34% ） , 160 （ 51.95% ） respectively, and the number of crepitations, radiological changes, spirometry abnormalities and serum IgE antibodies （ ＋ ） was 164 （ 53.25% ）, 153 （ 49. 68% ）, 147 （ 47.73% ） and 136 （44. 16% ） at the time of the study. 62. 34% （192/308） of patients with greenhouse farmer＇s lung were mild and 38.66% （116/308） were severe. Conclusion The total prevalence rate of greenhouse farmer＇s lung in part of rural areas of Liaoning Province was 5.7% and multiple risk factors were associated with the disease.