细胞外钙受体及其在心血管系统中的作用

Extracellular calcium sensing receptor and it's role in cardiovascular system

细胞外钙受体也称为钙敏感受体(extracellular calcium sensing receptor,CaR),对调节机体细胞外钙的平衡发挥着重要作用。该受体不仅分布在甲状旁腺、骨、肾、肠这些与钙转移和钙稳态调节有关的器官,还广泛分布于许多其他与钙的稳定无关的组织细胞中,并通过PLC,PIK和MAPK等细胞内信号转导途经起着除钙稳态调节以外重要的细胞内作用,如保护细胞抗凋亡、细胞增殖等生物学作用,在心血管系统中,CaR也有重要的生理病理作用,本文综述了近些年关于CaR的结构、功能和信号转导及它在心血管系统中的作用。

Calcium receptor cells （CAR）, also known as calcium sensing receptor （CaSR）, plays a key role in regulating the balance of the extracellular calcium in the body. CaR does not only distribute in the organs （such as parathyroid, bone, kidneys, and intestines） which are related to calcium transfer and homeostasis, but also widely distribute in the tissues which has nothing to do with the stability of calcium. In addition to maintaining calcium homeostasis by PLC, PIK, MAPK, and other signaling pathways, CaR also has other functions such as the protection of cells against apoptosis and cell proliferation. In the cardiovascular system, CaR plays important physiological and pathological roles. This review summarized the progress of CaR on the structure, function, and signal transduction. Its role in the cardiovascular system was highlighted.