吞噬细胞NADPH氧化酶活性的调控

Regulation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase activation

吞噬细胞NADPH氧化酶是一个多组分活化的酶复合体,是吞噬细胞抗菌系统的主要成分。此氧化酶体系包括膜结合的和可溶的胞浆蛋白,其主要特征为依赖刺激而活化,机制为复合体的胞浆因子磷酸化并转位至膜,在这里与细胞色素酶相关联,组装完全的复合体在功能上作为一个电子转运体系,从胞浆NADPH转移电子给分子氧形成超氧阴离子(O2-),伴随着接下来的活性物质产生,也叫呼吸爆发,发挥抗菌和抗细胞毒素的活性。NADPH氧化酶的这一活化过程受调节亚基、上游调节子等多重因素的调控。

The phagocyte NADPH oxidase is a multicomponent activatable enzyme comprising the major phagocyte antimicrobial systems. The oxidase system includes both membrane-bound and soluble cytosolic proteins. The primary feature of this enzyme is stimulus-dependent activation and which mechanism is the phosphorylation and translocation of a complex of cytosolic factors to the membrane, where they associate with a flavocytochrome enzyme. The fully assembled complex functions as an electron transport system, moving electrons from cytosolic NADPH to molecular oxygen to form superoxide anion （O5^- ）, which, along with subsequent reactive products called respiratory burst, exerts microbicidal and cytotoxic activities. This activated process of NADPH oxidase is regulated by regulatory subunits,upstream mediators, and the other factors.