大学新生跆拳道锻炼对自我效能和身体自我的影响

Influence of Taekwondo Training on Physical Self-concept and General Self-efficacy in University Freshmen

目的探索大学新生跆拳道练习对身体自我概念和一般自我效能的影响效果。方法在珠海两所大学随机选取两组被试,实验组62人,控制组61人,实验组进行为期8周,每周两次跆拳道练习的实验干预,控制组不加实验干预。实验前后均采用身体自我描述问卷(PSDQ)和一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对两组被试测试。结果1经过8周实验干预后,实验组身体自我概念总得分(t=-3.883,P<0.01)与分量表协调(t=-3.398,P<0.001)、运动能力(t=-3.241,P<0.01)、整体身体(t=-3.329,P<0.01)、力量(t=-2.964,P<0.01)、灵活(t=-4.598,P<0.01)、耐力(t=-3.049,P<0.01)均较干预前高,且实验组中女生(P<0.01)身体自我概念的提高较男生(P<0.05)明显;2控制组身体自我概念总得分变化不显著(P=0.087>0.05),只有4个分量表有显著改变;3两组被试在一般自我效能上的改变均不显著,但实验组(P=0.247)一般自我效能的变化较控制组(P=0.954)大一些。结论跆拳道练习对身体自我概念的改变有积极影响,尤其是大学女生;对一般自我效能的提高不明显,但较不参加者仍然变化明显。

Objective To study the influence of Taekwondo training on physical self-concept and general self-efficacy of univer- sity freshmen. Methods A total of 62 students as experimental group and 61 students as control group were randomly selected from two universities in Zhuhai. Students of experimental group practiced Taedwondo training twice every week, on the contrary, students of control group had no training during the 8 weeks experiment period. PSDQ and GSES were adopted to exam the partic- ipants both before and after intervention. Results （1）The scores of experimental group in PSDQ（t=-3. 883,PT〈0.01） and 7 scales were improved significant. The score of females（P〈0.01）in PSDQ were improved more significant than the males＇ （P〈0. 05 ）.（2）The score of control group in PSDQ was not changed significantly （P= 0. 087〉0. 05）, only in 4 scales significantly changed. （3）The scores of both experimental group and control group in GSES were not changed significantly, but the change of experimental group （P=0. 247）was bigger than that of the control group（P=0. 954）. Conclusion The influence of Taekwondo training on physical self-concept is significant, especiaIly in females. The influence on general self-efficacy is not significant, but the it is stronger the experimental groupis than the control group.