词汇联想与心理词库:词汇深度知识研究现状

Word Associations and Mental Lexicon:A Review of Lexical Network Structure Research

本文首先厘清心理词库构建模式研究与词汇深度知识探寻之间的关系,解析心理词库的心理语言学实验方法,回顾词汇联想作为心理语言学经典研究方法的发展历程以及衍生范式。在此基础上,本文分别从一语和二语理论及实证两个方面对比通过词汇联想研究心理词库的基本发现:一语心理词库构建与词汇习得发展过程一致,即从音—义匹配到句法知识扩展再到语义网络构建。而对二语心理词库是否独立存储、是否概念共享以及母语作用界定均未有一致结论;对其词汇知识发展路径是否与一语相似亦未有令人信服的理论和实证支撑。本文最后总结二语心理词库研究中存在的问题和争议以及词汇联想作为研究方法所存在的缺陷,为未来的相关研究指明方向。

This paper reviews the studies on the relationship between depth of lexical knowledge （lexical network structure） and word associations in mental lexicons. It further reviews the development and patterns of word association test, a classical research method widely employed in psycholinguistics. Comparisons were conducted from the perspectives of L1 and L2 theoretical and empirical research that, the organization of L1 mental lexicon follows the route of vocabulary acquisition： from sound-meaning mapping to syntactic knowledge expansion to semantic network construction. L2 mental lexicon however, bears much controversy not only in independent storing, conceptual mediating, and the role of L1 knowledge, but also in the same or similar developmental patterns with L1 mental lexicon. Defects in word association test as a research method were as well pointed out in the end to lead the way for future research.