秦皇岛市空气污染与气象要素的关系

Relationship between air pollution and meteorological elements in Qinhuangdao,Hebei province

利用多因子分析和多元回归模型,对1998—2004年秦皇岛市城区空气污染物浓度逐日监测数据及气象要素进行分析,并调查污染源,得出主要污染物与气象要素的关系,建立当地空气质量预报。结果表明:上游西北地区是对秦皇岛市空气质量影响最大的污染源地;空气质量首要污染物PM10的峰值出现在4月,SO2的峰值出现在采暖季,NO2浓度全年稳定少变;SO2和PM10的浓度受风场影响较大,NO2最小;春季"南高北低"型气压场造成PM10污染指数全年最高;大于等于1 mm的降水对空气净化作用效果较小于1 mm的降水显著;春季气旋环流控制下,5级以上西风可形成中度以上污染,而非气旋控制下,6级以上西风才可形成中度以上污染。

Based on the multi-factors analysis and multivariate regression model ,the daily air pollutants concentrations from 1998 to 2004 in Qinhuangdao and meteorological elements were analyzed. At the same time,the related pollution sources were investigated. The relationships between main pollutants and meteorological elements were discussed, and air quality forecast method was established. The results indicate that the northwestern region of upper reaches of study areas is the main pollution sources influencing air quality of Qinhuangdao. The peak values of PM10 and SO2 appear in April and in heating season, respectively. NO2 concentration is stable in the whole year. SO2 and PM10 concentrations are easily influenced by wind field, nor is NO2. PM10 air pollution index of spring is highest in the whole year, which is caused by ＂south high pressure and north low pressure＂ type＇ pressure field. The purification effects of precipitation （ I〉 1 ram） on air are better than precipitation （≤ 1 ram）. West wind more than 5th level can come into being medium grade pollution under cyclone control in spring, while west wind more than 6th level can be that if cyclone does not control.