石油污染土壤的生物刺激和生物强化修复

Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation Repair of Oil Contaminated Soil

随着工业化的发展,土壤的石油污染问题日益严重,石油污染物的处理已成为各国亟待解决的环境问题。由于生物修复具有高效、安全、成本低、无二次污染等诸多优点而成为近些年来主要的石油污染处理方法。概述了生物刺激和生物强化处理方法的基本原理,以及近年来国内外相关的研究进展。生物刺激和生物强化是生物修复法中最常用的两类方法,而且生物强化通常比生物刺激的效率高,但两者处理效率的高低均与多方面的因素有关,因此在实际应用中应注意考虑多方面的效益,制定出较合理的处理方案。

With the development of industrialization, the problem of oil-contamination to the soil is getting more and more serious. How to clear up or remove the oil-contaminants from the soil becomes an important environmental problem for all countries around the world. Bioremediation, as the methods with fast and safe in processing, low cost and non-secondary contamination, is becoming the main solution to soil environment by oil contamination. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation are most commonly used techniques in bioremediation. The theory of bioremediation, including the concept and method of biostimulation and bioaugmentation were introduced, and advance study and progress in this field from the world in recently years were demenstrated. Both of the two methods can lead a significant decrease in soli TPH content, but the efficiency relates to many factors. Accordingly, the bioremediation technique should be tailored specifically to each polluted site.