胡芦巴不同方法提取物对杂拟谷盗的生物活性研究

Bioactive Effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum Extracts by Using Different Extract Methods against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val

以胡芦巴种子干粉为原料,无水乙醇为提取溶剂,采用冷浸法、温浸法、索氏法、冷浸-索氏法、超临界CO2萃取法提取的胡芦巴粗提物分别对杂拟谷盗的触杀和驱避活性进行了比较研究,5种方法得到的粗提物对杂拟谷盗均表现出良好的驱避性,但不同方法粗提物的有效驱避剂量差异显著。其中,超临界CO2萃取法粗提物试验所用剂量最小,其平均的驱避率为87.9%,驱避级别为Ⅴ级。5种方法得到的粗提物对杂拟谷盗处理48 h的触杀致死中用量从小到大依次为温浸法、超临界CO2萃取法、冷浸法、冷浸-索氏提取、索氏提取法(LD50=0.450,0.474,0.600,0.670,0.678 mg/cm2)。

Powdered seeds of Trigonella foenum- graecum was extracted with enthanol by using five methods respectively, i.e., dipping at room temperature （TFGR）, dipping at relatively high temperature （TFGH）, Soxhlet extraction （TFGS）, TFGR - TFGS （first, dipping at room temperature to get some extracts, then extracting remainder with Soxhlet extraction apparatus to obtain more extracts）, and supereritical CO2 fluid extraction （TFG-SCFE）. Five extracts were compared in contact toxicity and repellency against Tribolium confusum. Results： The five methods all present extracts with nicer repellence activity, but with quite different effective dose, among which supercritical CO2 fluid extract requires the least effective dose and gives an average repellence rate of 87.9 %, reaching a repellence level of degree V. In contact toxicity, LC50 values of five extracts against Tribolium confusum after 48 h range from low to high as TFGH, TFG - SCFE, TFGR, TFGR - TFGS, TFGS, and give LC50 = 0.450,0.474,0. 600,0.670, 0. 678 mg/cm^2, respectively.