区域综合运输成本的空间格局研究——以江苏省为例

Spatial Pattern of Regional Comprehensive Transportation Cost——The Case of Jiangsu Province

在宏观尺度上,区域综合运输成本是区域综合交通可达性和客货运规模的函数。以县域为基本研究单元,地理信息系统技术为主要支撑,通过对综合交通可达性和客货运规模的综合集成,在宏观层面上对江苏省综合运输成本的空间格局进行计算和分析。结果表明:江苏省综合交通可达性、客货运输量及综合运输成本均呈南优北劣态势,其中可达性双核格局特征明显,客货运输量岛状分布特征突出,而综合运输成本在区域南部呈双核结构,在区域北部呈岛状结构;从分区域角度看,三指标皆以苏南为优、苏中次之,苏北较差,但各指标的分区域均衡性特征略有差别,可达性及综合运输成本均衡性皆以苏北为优,苏中居中,苏南较差,但客货运输量均衡性苏北较差,苏南次之,苏中稍好。

In macroscopic, regional comprehensive transportation cost is relative to regional integrated transportation accessibility and the scale of passenger and freight. With the formation of some relative conception, choosing the counties as the basic research units and GIS as the support technology, from the macroscopic view, the comprehensive transportation cost in Jiangsu Province is calculated and its pattern is analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the southern Jiangsu Province is superior to the northern one in all three indices--the integrated transportation accessibility, passenger and freight scale, and the comprehensive transportation cost, But there are some differences among three indices about the spatial structure. It takes on ＂dual-nuclei＂ pattern in integrated transportation accessibility, and ＂islands-shaped＂ pattern in passenger and freight scale, and both the two patterns are showed in the comprehensive transportation cost, i. e. , ＂dual-nuclei＂ pattern in south and ＂islandsshaped＂ pattern in north. In the economic statistics, Jiangsu Province involves three areas, the southern, the central and the northern of Jiangsu. The southern Jiangsu is the best one in all the three indices, and the central Jiangsu is better than the northern Jiangsu. As to the equilibrium among three areas, the northern Jiangsu is better than the central Jiangsu, and the southern Jiangsu is the worst areas in the integrated transportation accessibility and comprehensive transport cost. In the passenger and freight scale, the central Jiangsu is the most balanced one; the northern Jiangsu takes the second place. With those results, some measures are proposed to decrease the comprehensive transportation cost in central and northern Jiangsu Province, and its imbalance within southern Jiangsu Province. Also, some relative focus needing more attention is put forward