铺设反光膜对桃树不同冠层叶片最大光合能力和果实品质的影响

Effect of reflective film on the photosynthetic capacity of leaf and fruit quality at different canopies of peach

为探讨果园铺设反光膜对桃树不同冠层叶片的光合能力和果实品质的影响,本试验利用LI-6400便携式光合测定仪,测量了铺设反光膜后不同时期桃树树体不同冠层叶片的最大光合能力,并对不同冠层内果实的品质进行了测定。结果表明:铺设反光膜能有效地改善树体内膛的光照情况,特别是树冠中下部的内膛区域,显著提高了叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2含量,但对上部区域的叶片影响并不显著。铺设反光膜显著地提高了中下部内膛果实的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量,降低了果实的硬度和含酸量,并显著提高了果实背阴面的花青苷含量。试验表明,反光膜应用于桃树生产栽培能提高中下层叶片的光合能力,改善果实风味和外观品质,促进全红果的形成,有利于桃树的优质栽培。

In order to investigate the effect of reflective film on the photosynthetic capacity of leaf and fruit quality in a peach orchard, the photosynthetic capacity and fruit flavor and appearance of five-year-old peach trees at different canopies were studied, with and without reflecting film mulch during fruit maturation stage （July- Aug 2007 and 2008） in selected peach orchards. The reflecting film mulch improved light situation of the inner canopy, especially the middle and lower inner canopies. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of the treatment （ with reflective film ） were markedly higher than the control （without reflective film） on the 20th day after treatment, but the higher canopies did not change significantly. In addition, there were increases in soluble solids and sugar content, but decreases in fruit firmness and acid content. The concentration of anthocyanin in shady surface was also improved significantly. The study suggested that the highest photosynthetic capacity of leaves at different canopies in the orchard was increased by film mulching and fruit flavor and appearance were also improved.