幼儿园儿童乳牙龋病综合防治项目的效果评价

Effectiveness evaluation of a comprehensive caries prevention and treatment programme in children in kindergarden

目的为提高幼儿园儿童的口腔健康状况,在幼儿园开展龋病综合防治项目,对比龋病综合防治7年的效果。方法1997～2004年,采用世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的方法,每年对密云区在园儿童进行口腔健康状况检查及实施综合预防措施,包括口腔健康教育和口腔卫生指导、用含氟牙膏刷牙及0.6%氟化泡沫的使用;并对部分患儿进行龋洞充填等;每年还对儿童家长进行1次口腔健康问卷调查。结果县城在园5岁儿童的龋病患病率从1997年的70.8%下降到2004年的43.6%(P<0.001)。龋均从1997年的3.06下降到2004年1.64(P<0.001)。龋齿充填率从1997年的12.9%提高到2004年18.9%(P<0.001)。结论采取龋病综合防治措施能够有效地预防和控制儿童乳牙龋病的发生,改善儿童的口腔健康状况。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive caries prevention and treatment programme conducted in county-level and township-level kindergardens in Miyun County Beijing city. Methods Oral health examination provided by calibrated dentists was conducted in each kindergarden for all children in spring of each year from 1997 to 2004. The criteria and procedures recommended by World Health Organization （WHO） was used. Corresponding oral health prevention and treatment measures were provided to each child according to his/her oral health needs, which included oral health education and tooth brushing instruction,0. 6% fluoride foam application, tooth cavity filling, etc. Before oral health examination, a questionnaire was completed by parents of children and collected by teachers in each kindergarden. Results The caries prevalence of 5-year-old children in kindergardens decreased from70. 8% in 1997 to 43.6% in 2004 （ chi-square test,P 〈0. 001 ） ,the mean number of decayed,missing and filled teeth （draft） dropped from 3.06 in 1997 to 1.64 in 2004 （ two-sample t-test, P 〈 0. 001 ）, and the percentage of the number of filled teeth in the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth increased from 12.9% in 1997 to 18. 9% in 2004 （chi-square test, P〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusion Comprehensive caries prevention and treatment programme was effective in reducing the prevalence of caries and controlling the development of tooth cavity.