传统知识的现代价值与反思——以土家族传统养猪方式为个案的民族志研究

Reflections on the Modern Value of Traditional Knowledge——An Ethnographical Study on the Traditional Tujia Pig-raising Method

土家族作为一个历史悠久的民族,在历史的长河中创造了十分丰富的传统知识,属于土家族传统知识的以青草和粮食喂养为主、圈养和放养结合的土家族传统养猪方式,至少在养殖方式多元化、生态保护、国家食品安全和生物多样性保护等四个方面具有重要的价值,然而这一传统知识的价值已出现被强大的经济利益所遮掩的趋势,如何在经济不断走向现代化的同时保护与传承好传统知识,是社会各界人士值得深思的问题。

Tujia is a nation with a long history, and in the long river of history Tujia has created much rich traditional knowledge. But its current value and its protection has not yet attracted the academic attention. Based on field work data, this paper introduces Tujia traditional pig - raising methods, and holds that the traditional pig - raising methods are at least of great value in pluralism for pig farming methods, ecological protection, national food safety and protection of biodiversity.