土家族情歌文化及其民族性格研究

A Study of the Culture and National Characters of Tujia Love Songs

土家族的传统情歌是"以歌为媒",以社会生活为表现主体的文化形式。土家族情歌真实地描述了土家族儿女的爱情生活,表现了他们真挚的爱情观和审美观,以及对封建礼教的蔑视和对包办婚姻的反抗。在没有文字的情况下,土家族人通常用歌来表达自己的思想感情,在歌词中常常表现出土家人对现实生活的喜怒哀乐,起到了宣泄情感的作用。土家族情歌深刻地反映了土家人民的民族性格,即追求婚恋自由,反抗封建压迫;重情尚义,反对势利;安于农家生活,性情恬淡。

The traditional Tujia love songs are the cultural forms taking 'song for a match-maker' and social life as the subject of expressing emotion.Tujia songs truthfully depict the love between Tujia boys and girls,which displays their true love and aesthetics,their contempt for the feudal ethical code and their revolt against the arranged marriage.With no written characters,Tujia people usually employ songs to express their feelings and thoughts,and their feelings of joy,anger,sadness and happiness are embodied in the words of songs,which takes the function of catharsis.At the same time,Tujia love songs profoundly reflect the national characters of Tujia people,namely,their pursuit of freedom of marriage against feudal oppression,their respect for love and chivalry against snobbery,and their quiet character contented with farming life as well.