程度副词“稍微”和“多少”的句法语义比较

Degree Adverbs "Shaowei" and "Duoshao":Comparison

程度副词"稍微"和"多少"既有很多共同点也存在明显的差异。从语义角度看它们都既可以表示比较义,也可以表示非比较义,区别在于"稍微"是单纯地侧重于表现程度量级的轻微,而"多少"还可表示对某事物具有属性的肯定。从句法功能角度看,它们都能修饰动词性成分和形容词性成分,区别体现在:(1)对呼应成分的依赖程度不同;(2)修饰名词性成分情况不同;(3)用于已然、未然情况不同;(4)修饰否定形式情况不同;(5)与能愿动词共现时,位置有所不同。

There are common ground and differences between degree adverbs ＂shaowei＂ and ＂duoshao＂. From the semantic angle ,those two can be used to express comparison or not. The former focuses on degree, but the latter shows attribute affirmation of something. From the syntax function angle, they can modify verbs and adjectires. The differences are ： （ 1 ） degree of dependence on echoing parts. （2） modifying nouns differently. （3） different tense expressions; （4）modifying negative parts differently; （5）different position when modal verbs are inexistence.