多沙水库非恒定水沙动床数学模型研究

Mathematical Model of Non-steady Water-sand Movable Bed of Sedimentation Reservoir

通过选取水流挟沙力、动床糙率等计算公式，考虑河槽在冲淤过程中河宽变化规律的模拟，并着重克服以往数模取恢复饱和系数小于1等理论上的不足，使准二维非恒定水沙动床数学模型在计算多沙水库的水沙运动时符合天然实际，定量结果更为可靠。然后，利用典型水库——黄河三门峡水库1994-1999年实测水沙系列及相应资料，对数学模型进行验证计算，以便该数模能够正确模拟原型泥沙冲淤变化、水位变化、泥沙级配变化、含沙量沿程变化、河床形态调整变化等规律。

Based on the formulas of sand the quasi two-dimensional sedimentation carrying capacity of flow, dynamic tough force of movable bed, model is established considering the channel-width variation during scour-silting process and overcoming the deficiency of Restoring Saturation Coefficient less than 1, which makes the result for calculating sediment motion and other measurement more accurate and reliable. The scour and silting change, water level change, sediment composition change, sediment concentration change along the main canal and channel adjustment of the model has been checked according to the datum measured from 1994 to 1999 of Sanmenxia Reservoir, which has laid a scientific basis for the study of sedi- mentation reservoir operation mode.