1993～2007年宁阳县生产性粉尘危害监测资料分析

Monitoring Data Analysis of Productive Dust Hazards in Ningyang County from 1993 to 2007

[目的]摸清宁阳县粉尘危害现状，以便采取相应防制对策．保护粉尘作业职工健康。[方法]对1993～2007年宁阳县接尘工人职业性健康检查及作业场所粉尘浓度检测结果进行分析。[结果]2004-2007年合计检查1641名接尘人员．检出可疑尘肺（O^＋）174例．检出率为10．60％；检出尘肺病人16例，患病率为0．98％，其中新增尘肺病例13例，检出率为0．58％。1993-2007年发现尘肺69例．发病时年龄为（45．04±9．85）岁，发病时工龄为（22．36±9．46）年．发病时实际接尘工龄为（16．62±10．13）年；其中Ⅰ期尘肺60例，Ⅱ期尘肺6例，Ⅲ期尘肺3例，已有5例分别在1995～2006年死亡。1993-2007年合计检测1223家企业的粉尘作业点7427个，合格的3368个．合格率为45．37%。检测合格率，各年波动在40．47％～58．38％；12家国有企业为71.43%,14家集体企业为65．85%，131家乡镇企业为35．63％（P〈0．01）。2007年检测点粉尘浓度合格率。矽尘、水泥尘、电焊烟尘、煤尘、有机尘和其他尘点分别为15．01％、35．22％、47．31％、50．67％、37．93％、55．28％（P〈0．01）。[结论]宁阳县粉尘危害日趋严重，乡镇企业粉尘危害高于国有、集体企业，可疑尘肺阳性率较高。

[Objective]To understand the status of dust hazards in Ningyang county,in order to take appropriate control measures to protect the health of dust-exposed workers. [Methods]The results of occupational health examination for dust-exposed workers and the test results of dust concentration in workplace in Ningyang county from 1993 to 2007 were analyzed.[Resuits]1641 dust-exposed workers were tested from 2004 to 2007,174 of them were suspected to have pneumoconiosis（O^＋）, the detection rate was 10. 60%, 16 of them were pneumoconiosis patients,the morbidity was 0.98%,13 of them were new pneumoconiosis cases,the detection rate was 0. 58 %,69 pneumoconiosis cases aged（45.04±9.85） at the onset of the disease with the length of service（22.36±9.46）were detected from 1993 to 2007. The actual length of service was（16.62±10.13） when exposed to dust. 60,6 and 3 patients were at Ⅰ stage, Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage. 5 cases died from 1995 to 2006. The concentration of dust was tested in 7427 points of 1223 enterprises from 1993 to 2007,3 368 of them were up to standard,accounting for 45.35%. The qualified rate was from 58.38% to 40.47% from 1993 to 2007. The qualified rate was 71.43 %, 65.85% and 35.63 % in 12 state-owned enterprises, 14 collective enterprises and 131 township enterprises（ P 〈0.01）. The qualified rate of the dust concentration of silica dust, cement dust, welding smoke, coal dust, organic dust and other dust was 15.01%,35.22%,47.31%,50.67%,37.93% and 55.28% respectively（P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]Dust hazard is getting more serious in Ningyang county, and it was more serious in township enterprises than that in stateowned and collective enterprises,the positive rate was higher among suspicious pneumoconiosis.