农村集体建设用地流转的重点、难点和对策——兼评重庆农村土地交易所的运作

Important and Difficult Points of the Circulation of Rural Collective Construction Land and Countermeasures Also a Comment on Operation of Chongqing Rural Land Exchange

农村集体建设用地制度改革的深层问题之一就是如何使农村利用自己的集体土地财产权实现更大的价值,如何让农民以土地的权益参与工业化和城镇化并从中获得更大的实惠,这是创新农村集体建设用地流转制度的根本目标和价值取向。就农村集体建设用地流转而言,重庆成立农村土地交易所作为全国第一家农村土地交易所的目的是把农村集体建设用地复垦为耕地或通过交易转换为工业、城市建设用地。但从重庆的试验来看,还有很多问题需要厘清和解决:交易的风险、收益分配,村民充分参与,社会对抗的减少,社会成本的节省等等。

One of deep problems in rural collective construction land reform is to make peasants use their land proprietary to realize larger value, to make peasants use their land rights to participate in industrialization and urbanization and obtain more material benefit from it, which is the basic goal and value orientation for innovation of the system of farming land transaction. As for the conversion of rural collective construction land, the establishing of rural land exchange in Chongqing as the first one over the country is to change rural collective construction land into cultivated land through re -cultivating or industrial and urban construetion land throagh trading. In all experiments in Chongqing, there are so many problems needed.to distinguish and salve, such as risks of trading, the disposition of income, the full participation of peasants, the reduction of social antagonism, the e- conomization of social cost, and so on.