电厂中CO_2捕集技术的成本及效率

Cost and performance of power plants with CO_2 capture

电厂中CO2捕集过程中成本过高和额外能耗问题是CO2捕集与封存(CCS)技术迄今没有大规模应用的重要障碍之一。针对电力部门,重点总结并比较各种CO2捕集技术成本,分析影响成本的重要因素,量化捕集过程中的效率损失、能源需求以及相关资源消耗。结合中国未来发展趋势,分析实行CO2捕集技术对中国能源和经济的影响。结果表明,超超临界煤粉电厂和IGCC电厂是未来CO2捕集技术发展的首选电厂类型。中国应积极进行CO2捕集技术的研发,使得成本和效率损失大幅度下降,使带有捕集的电厂成为中国温室气体减排方面重要的技术储备。

The high cost and energy penalty of CO2 capture technology in power plants could pose an important barrier to large scale use of CO2capture and storage （CCS）. This paper analyzes the costs of power plants separation with and without CO2 capture and the main parameters affecting the capture cost. The energy penalty, resource requirements, and component emissions of CO2 capture systems are all quantified. The impacts of CO2 capture on Chinese energy production and economics are also analyzed according to the future Chinese development trends. The results show that ultra supercritical units and IGCC units are the best potential options for future CO2 capture in power plants. R＆D on CO2 capture to reduce the costs and energy penalty of CO2 capture should be urgently pushed in China as an important aspect of the natural greenhouse gas control strategy.