PTEN、Rb基因蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

Significance of expressions of PTEN and Rb gene proteins in breast cancer

目的:探讨张力蛋白同源物磷酸酯酶(PTEN)、视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)基因蛋白异常表达在乳腺癌发生、发展中的作用及其意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测PTEN、Rb基因蛋白在150例乳腺癌标本及30例乳腺良性增生性病变中的表达,并分析其异常表达与乳腺癌若干临床病理参数的关系。结果:PTEN、Rb基因蛋白在乳腺癌组与乳腺良性病变组异常表达差异均有统计学意义(P<0.005)。PTEN基因蛋白的失表达与乳腺癌淋巴结转移、雌激素受体(ER)失表达有一定关系(P<0.05)。Rb基因蛋白的失表达与各临床病理参数均无关,只是在乳腺癌Ⅲ级中失表达率较高。ER的表达与Rb蛋白的表达具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:PTEN、Rb基因蛋白在乳腺良性病变中有很高的表达率,在乳腺癌中表达率下降,表明其肿瘤抑制功能丧失,促进细胞的肿瘤性转化。PTEN蛋白的表达与淋巴结转移、ER失表达相关,对乳腺癌的预后判断有参考价值。

Objective：To explore the role and significance of abnormal expressions of phosphotase and tensin homolog deleted from chromsome 10 （PTEN） and retinoblastoma （Rb）gene in the development of breast cancer. Methods：Immunohistochemical technique （S-P method）was used for detection of PTEN and Rb gene proteins in 150 cases of breast cancer and 30 cases of mammary benign proliferative lesions. The results were analyzed and compared with some clinicopathological parameters. Results：The protein expression levels of PTEN and Rb in breast cancer were significantly lower than those in benign proliferative lesions （ P 〈 0. 005 ）. Loss of expression of PTEN protein was obviously related to lymph nodes metastasis and the loss of expression of estrogen receptor（P 〈 0.05 ）. Loss of expression of Rb protein was not related to the clinicopathological parameters except the loss rate of expression was higher in grade Ⅲ. The positive association was found between the expressions of PTEN and Rb proteins （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions ： Expression rates of anti-oncogenes PTEN and Rb proteins are higher in benign proliferative lesions and decrease in breast cancer. The loss of inhibiting function of anti-oncogenes PTEN and Rb results in neoplastic transformation. Expression of PTEN relates to lymph nodes metastasis and the loss of expression of estrogen receptor, which shows a certein reference value to judge the prognosis of breast cancer.