秸秆纤维增强复合板材及仿生层状研究

Research on Biomimetic Iaminates and Straw Fiber Reinforced Composite Board

秸秆纤维复合板材以其原材料来源丰富、可降解、价格低廉且易加工等特点而受到人们的关注,解决了木材短缺且板材需求日益增加这一尖锐矛盾,使其逐渐成为木材的代替品。层状结构具有良好的力学、声学及热学性能。以软体动物贝壳和鞘翅类甲虫外壳的内部结构为例,研究层状仿生结构,并将仿生结构有效应用于秸秆纤维复合材料中,以此来提高复合材料的整体性能。为此,研究分析了秸秆纤维的处理方法、粘结剂类型与优缺点,以及秸秆纤维增强复合材料的成型工艺;论证了秸秆纤维复合层状仿生板材的可行性。

Straw fiber reinforced composite board was prepared by straw which was an annually renewable agricultural by-product,and its unique characteristics had drawn attention of researchers throughout the world.The composite board can solve the contradiction between status of lacking lumber and demand of board,and which can become gradually substitute material of lumber board because the preparation process of straw-based board was simple and low-cost based on abundant and degradable raw materials.Laminated structure of the shell of mollusk and the elytra of beetle was indicated because the structure possesses excellent mechanical,acoustic and calorific properties,and the biomimetic layer structure was applied to straw fiber reinforced composite in order to improve whole properties of composite.The treatment methods of straw fiber were investigated,and the types and characteristics of adhesives were researched.Molding techniques of composite board were analyzed and the feasibility of straw fiber reinforced composite board of bionics and laminate was demonstrated.