地震波的正演和对地震波的新认识

Direct Modelling of Seismic Waves and New Cognition of Seismic Waves

当前地震勘探急待解决的问题，是提高分辨率。常规认为地震记录是地震子波和反射系数的褶积，并将地震子波看成是大地滤波器的脉冲响应。现在看来，其效果只限于地质构造的研究。根据地震波的物理成因和传播过程，建立了地震波的运动方程，并求得其正演解。从而得出结论：１）地震波是时变的，任一层的反射波受其上所有各层的综合影响；２）反射波频率取决地层的固有频率，在几Ｈｚ～８０Ｈｚ之间；３）下行波随深度的增加，高频成份增加，上行波随深度变浅，低频成份增强，高频成份变弱，其中包含以检波器自然频率存在的振动；４）地震波频率产生和地层厚度无关。

According to seismic Waves' physical origin and their transfer process,we have established the motion equations and found the direct modelling solution. The following conclusions have been arrived at :1)The seismic waves are time variable, any reflected waves are affacted by the waves above them. 2)The generation of the reflected wave frequency depends on the inherent frequency of the formation. 3)The downward wave's high frequency increases as it goes deeper, the upward wave's low frequency increases and its high frequency decreases as it moves upward. 4)The generation of the seismic wave frequency is irrelevant to the formation thickness.