3Sorgal DT. Peer tutoring and student outcomes in a problem- based course. Med Educ.1994;28: 284-9.
4程志.微生物学教研室学导式教学法全面铺开[J].哈尔滨医科大学校刊,1987,7.
5田景先 谷鸿喜 李绍贤.开展教师指导下的自学为主教学的尝试[J].高等医学教育论丛,1987,.
6Graham H J, Seabrook M A, Woodfield S J. Structured packs for independent learning: a comparison of learning outcome and acceptability with conventional teaching. Med Educ. 1999;33:579- 584.
7Steele DJ, Medder JD, Turner P. A comparison of learning outcomes and attitudes in student- versus faculty - led problem- based learning: an experimental study. Med Educ. 2000; 34: 23 - 29.
8Kaufman DM. Problem- based learning- time to step back? Med Educ.2000;34:509 - 511.
9杨耀防.以问题为中心教学法及其发展浅析.西北医学教育,1993,11(1):41-41.
10ColliverJA. Efectiveness of problem-based learning curricula: research and theory[J]. Acad Med, 2000,75 (2) : 259-266.