抗战大后方难民移垦对生态环境的影响

The Effect of Refugee Immigration upon the Ecological Environment in the Rear Area of Anti-Japan War

1937年抗战爆发后,随着国民政府政治中心的转移,大后方人口急剧膨胀和高度集中,随之而来的便是消费需求爆炸性的增长,给后方资源形成了前所未有的压力。在此压力之下人们便毫无节制地掠取自然资源,使人类与自然环境的相互作用变得激烈起来,不可避免地催生了各种自然生态环境问题:森林和草地面积缩小,生物多样性减少、水土流失严重、自然灾害频仍等。

In 1937 when the war of resistance against Japan broke out, an unprecedented pressure had been exerted on natural resources in the rear area while the need of excessive consumption increased enormously with the transferring of the National Government ＇s economic center and rapidly expanding and densely concentrating of population. Under this pressure, people were madly plundering the natural resources, which caused an intense disharmony between human being and natural environment and this unavoidably brought about various ecological environment problems like the shrinking of forests, the desertification of grassland, the reduction of biological species, and the immense loss of the soil and the frequent occurring of natural disaster.