转基因作物的风险与伦理评价

Risk and Moral Principle of Genetically Modified Organism

转基因作物的出现有其深刻的经济、社会和技术背景。转基因作物作为一项新的技术成果,给人们带来利益的同时,也带来了各种潜在风险,其潜在风险体现在对自然环境和人类健康的危害这两个方面。对转基因作物的安全性进行科学的伦理评价是农业生物技术应用和发展的需要,其伦理原则包括福利原则、实质等同原则、遗传稳定性原则和知情选择原则等。

Genetically modified organism （GMO）appears in a profound context of economy, society and technology. As a latest technological achievement, GMO has brought benefit to people. At the same time, however, it has done harm to natural environment and people＇s health, which are not expected. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the security of GMO with the moral principles for the application and development of the agricultural and biological technology. These principles are composed of the welfare principle, substantial-equality principle, genetic solidity principle and information-known-to-choose principle.