2000-2007年间新兵血清艾滋病抗体流行病学调查

Seroepidemiological study on HIV antibody among recruits,2000-2007

目的严把新兵入伍体检复查关,防止艾滋病传入部队。方法新兵入伍检疫期间,由新兵集训单位负责,按要求采集并分离血清样品送北京军区空军后勤部防疫队待检,应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）技术,对全部新兵进行初筛,阴性者判定阴性,阳性者再用原有试剂复核,阳性样品送全军艾滋病检测中心采用免疫印迹试剂进行确认。结果2000年1月~2007年1月,6年间共对来自23个省、市、自治区的49 017名入伍新兵的血清样品进行了艾滋病病毒抗体检测,检测样品吸光度（A）值与临界值（Cutoff）的比值（S/CO）地区差异较大,其中天津市最高,平均值为0.122 43,重庆市最低,平均值为0.063 01;初筛为假阳性260人,经蛋白印迹法确认结果均为阴性。结论新兵人群艾滋病病毒抗体检测存在一些假阳性结果,实际检测中必须遵循先初筛阳性再确认的检验程序原则,防止误报告所带来的问题。

Objective To prevent the spreading of HIV into military personnel by strict re-examination of health conditions of recruits. Methods During the quarantine period, all recruits were screened for HIV infection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The serum samples were separated and provided by the training units of the recruits. All positive resuits were re-examlned using the same reagents and all positive samples were sent to the military HIV control centre for further confirmation by western blot. Results During 6-year period from January 2000 to January 2007, serum samples of 49 017 recruits from 23 provinces （cities, autonomous regions） were examined for HIV antibody. Significant regional variations existed in the ratio of the A value and the Cutoff value （S/CO）. The highest S/CO was detected in recruits from Tianjin Province and the lowest was from Chongqing Province. The initial examination showed 260 positive results which were all negative after confirmation by western blot. Conclusion There are some false positive results for HIV antibody in the population of recruits. Hence in practice, the initial screen must be followed by confirmation experiment to prevent false reports.