广东省首例W135群流行性脑脊髓膜炎病例的发现与应急处置

Detection and urgent response to the first epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis case caused by group W135 Meningococci in Guangdong province,China

目的对广东省首例W135群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)病例的发现与处理情况进行分析。方法访视患者发病前后的相关知情人,查阅临床病历,对患者及其密切接触者进行医学观察;采集患者脑脊液、血液及患者密切接触者的咽拭子样品,采用乳胶凝集试验和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)对患者标本进行检测。结果2007年在中山市发现1例临床流脑病例,在其脑脊液标本中分离到W135群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm),后经广东省疾病预防控制中心实验室用PCR复核,也证实为W135群Nm。在其密切接触者中未分离到相关菌株。结论该病例为广东省发现的首例W135群流脑病例,经采取包括主动搜索、主动监测、预防服药和健康教育等多项措施,未造成流行。W135群流脑病例的出现,对广东省流脑的预防控制提出了新的挑战。

Objective To detect and respond urgently to the first case caused by group W135 Meningococci in Guangdang Province, China. Methods The epidemiologieal data and clinical records were collected. The medical check-up was conducted among the close contacts of the case. Cerebral spinal fluid of the case was collected and tested by Neisseria meningitidis culture, latex agglutination and PCR. Throat swabs of the dose contacts were collected and tested by Neisseria meniagitidis culture. Results For the first time, W135 Neisseria meningitidis in cerebral spinal fluid of the ease coming from Huoju Township of Zhongshan City was isolated and detected by laboratory of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control. No W135 Neisseria meningitidis strains were isolated from the close contacts. Conclusion The patient is the first epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis （ECM） case caused by group W135 Meningococci, which provide a new challenge for ECM control. Comprehensive measures have been conducted to prevent emergency of new cases successfully.