采空区上覆岩层诱发矿震及预测技术研究

Study on Mine Earthquake Induced by Falling of Overburden Strata over Goaf and Its Predictive Technology

基于大面积采空区垮落灾害案例及文献资料,探讨了近年来出现的一种特殊矿山煤岩动力灾害现象:采空区顶板大面积垮落诱发矿震与气体动力灾害。论证了矿震发生前期的动力演变与时空尺度。应用能量转换与守恒理论,详尽地揭示了采空区矿震表征及动力灾害构成要素的时空关联尺度。针对矿震的发展及形成过程提出将声发射监测技术作为矿震预报的基础,并提出运用线定位法和任意平面三角形定位法对震源定位的基本原理。

Based on the cases of roof collapse disasters in widespread mined-out areas and the comprehensive analysis of document materials, the paper discussed a special coal-rock dynamic disaster phenomena occurred in recent years, that is, the mine earthquake and gas dynamic disaster were induced by the collapse of roof in large area over goaf. The paper demonstrated the special temporal scale of kinetic evolution occurred in the previous period of mine earthquake and revealed exhaustively the spatial temporal scale of the factors composed by the characterization of goaf earthquake and the dynamic disaster by means of energy transfer and conservation theories. Focusing on the process of the development and formation of mine earthquake, the acoustic emission monitoring technology was proposed as the base and means to predict the mine earthquake, and the linear positioning method and the arbitrary plane triangle positioning method were proposed as the basic principle of source positioning.