外周神经网络和经络实质关系的探讨

Relationship between Peripheral Nerve Network and Essence of Jingluo

根据古代文献对经络的记载，本文认为经络是由神经、血管组成。本文提出神经网络和经络实质的关系，这是基于大量实验的观察：小血管壁的血管周丛，体现了“气为血之帅”的论述。古人强调腧穴是络脉所渗灌的部位，血管旁丛既有传入感受器，也有传出性质的旁丛，且二者可以重合，可能构成气的“如环无端”的循行；相对立作用的交感和付交感具有相互依存的形态学基础，证实古人提出“阴阳至根”，阴阳双方均以对方的存在而存在是科学的。

The nerve terminal distributed in peripheral tissues were observed with microscopy, by means of separate and consecutive methods demonstrating cathecolamine fluorescence and cholinesterase. Ac cording to the concept of Jingluo described by Chinese ancient medical scholars, the paper advanced the relation between nerve network and Jingluo as follows: ① Qi as the commander of blood, namely it ac tivastes and governs the blood circulation. Both adrenergic and cholinergic network is distributed around the wall of small blood vessels, being called perivascular plexus. The function of perivascular plexus represents the physiological effect of Qi. ② About structures of acupoints the ancients consid ered that they were neither skin muscle nor tendon bone but the place where vitality moves inward and outward, and the collateral branches of large channels ooze and irrigate. We found that by small arter ies or arterioles there were many smll ChE-positive nerve bundle, their termieds showed a variety of free nerve endings being called paravascular plexus, which were needling receptors and conncted with perivascular plexus. This may be considered as an example of the saying in MIRACULUS PIVOT: 'Using the filiform needle to drege channels and promte circulation.' It was also found that there were adrenergic efferent paravascular in the subcutis of rats. The efferent and afferent paravascular plexus are superimposed with the same preparation, and their terminal could contact with each other.It is illustrated that not only sympathetic nerve terminals modulate C-fibers afferents, but also form the endless circulation of Qi. ③'Yin'-'Yang' theory is an important constitute of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. It is well known that sympathetic and parasymppathetic systems constitute an antag onistic contradiction. In TCM there eaistsusolitary Yin' 'solitare Yang' theory. For example, the muscle of iris, the circular sphincter of the pupil is innervated the parasympathetic nerve alone, while the dilator of the pupil is innervated sympathetic only stated in some textbcoks. It is short of the cir cumtance depending on each other for existence. It's actualy not the case, the muscle of iris are in nervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Using the consecutive method demon strating CA and AChE, the relationship between sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation was ob served. In the same section, sympathetic and parasympathetic terminal were found overlapped in many internal organs. It may be morphological basis for their depending on each other. So interdepen dance between'Yin' and 'Yang' is scientific. ④ Our ancients paid much attention to the situaion of blood circulation. When it is in normal state, one would keep in good health; in case of that'Qi' and 'Xue'(blood) are out of harmony, various diseases may occur. After hemorrhagic shock, the neuro transmitter in the adrenengic network was obviously decreased; Acupuncture could accelerate their re covery. To sum up, Jingluo is composed of blood vessels, nerves, nerve network in particular. The various functions of Jingluo are all fulfilled in the network, such as realizing Qi commanding Xue, con ducting the acupuncture effect, the endless circulation of Qi, interdependence between 'Yin' and 'Yang', and treatment of disoues with traditional Chinese medicine, especially with acupuncture