拮抗真菌和放线菌复配发酵产物对马铃薯晚疫病的防病作用

Disease Prevention of Compound Fermentation of Antagonistic Fungi and Actinomyces on Potato Late Blight

为了使致病疫霉拮抗微生物对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果更加稳定,利用滤纸片法分别对梨黑斑病菌和3株放线菌(NB8,NB11和NB12)的复合发酵产物、单独发酵后复配产物的抑菌及防病作用进行了初步探索.结果表明,供试真菌和放线菌之间有明显拮抗作用,且真菌适宜静置培养,放线菌适宜振荡培养,不适合复合发酵;梨黑斑病菌和NB8发酵产物的最优复配体积比为2∶1;复配后的发酵液对致病疫霉的抑制率可以达到96.81%,优于单独发酵的抑菌率;单独或复配发酵液对致病疫霉的拮抗方式均为抑制生长,并不能将其杀死,其中,以复配发酵液的抑制作用最强;预先处理马铃薯块茎后,复配发酵液的防效(病情指数44.44%)也明显优于单独发酵液.复配发酵液在防治马铃薯晚疫病中具有更大的应用潜力.

In order to obtain more stable prevention effect of antagonistic microorganisms on potato late blight, the inhibition of fungal growth and disease prevention of combination fermentation and compounds after separation fermentation from fungal and actinomyces were investigated using the Filter paper method in this experiment. The results showed that there were evident antagonistic between tested fungi and actinomyces. In addition, vibration culture was suitable for fungi, while stationary culture for actinomyces. The most suitable compound volume ratio was composed of Alternaria alternate and NB8 fermentation as a 2：1. Its inhibitory rate was 96.81% to growth of Phytophthora infestans and better than that of any other separate fermentation. The antagonistic way of separate or compound fermentation was to inhibit the growth of P. infestans but didn＇t kill it. The inhibition of compound fermentation was more marked. On tuber slices, the disease index of pre-treatment with compound fermentation was only 44.44%, and significant lower than that of separate fermentation treatment. It is revealed that compound fermentation of A. alternate and NB8 might have a great potential role in control potato late blight in future.