战后美国保守主义思想重构

Reconstruction of Conservative Ideology in Post-War America

20世纪50、60年代,美国保守派在民主党自由派独步美国政坛的形势下对保守主义思想进行了重构,以便为自己重掌美国政治大权做好思想方面的准备。这一思想重构主要表现在两个方面:保守派外交思想的重构和保守派内政思想的重构。第一种重构使得保守派走出孤立主义的思想阴影,接受和支持干涉主义政策;第二种重构使得保守派在坚持自由市场和个人主义的同时,认同联邦政府对国民经济某种程度的干预及为此而推出的一部分福利政策,以张扬社会公正、维护道德秩序。战后保守主义的思想重构意义重大,其影响和作用贯穿于20世纪的最后30年,直至今日。

Against the backdrop of political domination by the liberal Democrats in the 1950s and 1960s, American conservative ideology went through a process of reconstruction, expressed primarily in the areas of foreign and domestic policies. Subsequent to the reconstruction effort, conservatives, on the one hand, moved dramatically from an isolationist to an interventionist anticommunism, and on the other hand, revised their argument against the growing state and their defense of laissez - faire capitalism. This ideological reconstruction is of great significance, for its impact was felt throughout the latter part of the 20^th century and even continues till today.