荒漠藓类结皮层中齿肋赤藓形态结构适应性及其原丝体发育特征

Morphological and Structural Adaptation and Characteristics of Protonemal Development of Syntrichia caninervis in the Mosses Crust Layer

在实验室内通过光镜与扫描电镜相结合的手段观察了新疆古尔班通古特沙漠藓类结皮层的优势物种——齿肋赤藓(Syntrichia caninervis Mitt.)的形态结构特征及其原丝体发育的全过程,并分别从藓类植物生长发育所必经的配子体和原丝体两个阶段对齿肋赤藓形态结构与荒漠干旱的生态环境之间的适应性关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明,①植物体密集丛生;叶片边缘强烈背卷,两面均具马蹄形细疣;中肋粗壮并突出叶尖成白色长毛尖。②原丝体系统的细胞短粗,细胞质高度浓缩,液泡较小,细胞壁较厚;原丝体系统具有短枝群。

Syntrichia caninervis serves as one of the commonly dominant species in moss crust in Gurban- tunggut Desert. In this paper, its morphology and structure as well as the protonema characteristics of Tor-tula desertorum are observed under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the adaptive relationships between the droughty environments and the morphology and structure of xerophic mosses are analyzed for the gametophyte stage to the protonema stage. The results indicated that Syntrichia caninervis species mostly develop in cluster; the edge of leaves obviously roll to back and the both surfaces have horse-hoof-like warts; the coarse costa extrudes into awn. In addition, the results also showed that the cells of the protonemata are podgy and the cytoplasm is seriously concentrated, with small vacuole and thick cell wall; the protonemata has short branches.